Multiplication is a way of adding the same number multiple times. It is often described as repeated addition. For example, if you have 3 groups of 4 apples, multiplication helps you find the total number of apples quickly, instead of adding 4 + 4 + 4.

In multiplication, the numbers involved are called:

• Multiplicand: The number being repeated (e.g., 4 apples in the example).
• Multiplier: The number of times the multiplicand is repeated (e.g., 3 groups of apples).
• Product: The result of multiplication (e.g., the total number of apples).

Examples:

Example 1:
Problem: You have 4 groups of apples, and each group has 3 apples. How many apples do you have in total?
Solution: Multiply 4 (groups) by 3 (apples per group): 4 × 3 = 12.
Answer: You have 12 apples.

Example 2:
Problem: There are 5 rows of seats in a theater, and each row has 2 seats. How many seats are there in total?
Solution: Multiply 5 (rows) by 2 (seats per row): 5 × 2 = 10.
Answer: There are 10 seats in total.

Learning multiplication helps children understand how to deal with groups of things and make calculations faster. It is an essential skill for more complex math operations later on.

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